How APY works
Interest on the same stated rate can be credited at different frequencies — daily, monthly, quarterly. Each time it is credited it is added to your balance, so the next round of interest is earned on a slightly bigger number. APY captures that compounding, which is why it is always equal to or slightly higher than the plain stated (nominal) rate.
r = stated annual rate (as a decimal)
n = times interest compounds per yearFor example, a 4.5% rate compounded monthly works out to an APY of about 4.59% — that extra 0.09% is the compounding.
Why it matters
APY is the apples-to-apples number for comparing savings products. Two accounts can quote the same rate but pay different APYs if they compound differently — and the higher APY pays more. Always compare by APY, not the headline rate.
See APY in action
Estimate the maturity value and APY on a certificate of deposit.